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In this Section: 2. Full Table of Contents BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS: Chapter 1: A Cultural Approach to Child Development Chapter 2: Genetics and Prenatal Development Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Child Chapter 4: Infancy Chapter 5: Toddlerhood Chapter 6: Early Childhood Chapter 7: Middle Childhood Chapter 8: Adolescence Chapter 9: Emerging Adulthood Chapter 1: A Cultural Approach to Child Development Section 1: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT TODAY AND ITS ORIGINS Humanity Today: A Demographic Profile Variations Across Countries Variations Within Countries The Origins of Human Diversity Evolution and the Birth of Culture Human Evolution and Human Development Today Section 2: theories of Human Development Classic Theories Psychodynamic Theories Behaviorism and Learning Theories Constructivist Theories Recent Theories Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory A Stage Model for This Book Section 3: How We Study Human Development The Scientific Study of Human Development The Five Steps of the Scientific Method Ethics in Human Development Research Methods and Designs in Research Research Methods Research Designs Summing Up CULTURAL FOCUS: Incredible India! HISTORICAL FOCUS: Ancient Conceptions of Human Development RESEARCH FOCUS: Darwin’s Diary Chapter 2: Genetics and Prenatal Development Section 1: GENETIC INFLUENCES ON DEVELOPMENT Genetic Basics Genotype and Phenotype The Sex Chromosomes Genes and Environment in Human Development Principles of Behavior Genetics Gene—Environment Interactions: Epigenesis and Reaction Ranges The Theory of Genotype ® Environment Effects Genes and Individual Development Sperm and Egg Formation Conception Section 2: PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT AND PRENATAL CARE Prenatal Development The Germinal Period (First 2 Weeks) The Embryonic Period (Weeks 3—8) The Fetal Period (Week 9—Birth) Prenatal Care Prenatal Care in Traditional Cultures Scientifically Based Prenatal Care Teratogens Section 3: PREGNANCY PROBLEMS Risks in the Prenatal Period Chromosomal Disorders Prenatal Diagnosis Infertility and Reproductive Technologies Causes of Infertility Infertility Treatments Infertility Worldwide Summing Up Cultural Focus: Oskar and Jack: A Story of Genes, Environments, and Cultures Historical Focus: How Are Babies Made? RESEARCH FOCUS: The Human Genome Project Chapter 3: Birth and the Newborn Child Section 1: Birth and its Cultural Context The Birth Process Stages of the Birth Process Birth Complications Cultural and Historical Variations in Birth Beliefs and Practices Variations in Birth Beliefs Variations in Birth Practices Variations on Birth in the West Cultural Variations in Neonatal and Maternal Mortality Section 2: The Neonate The Neonate’s Health Measuring Neonatal Health Low Birth Weight Physical Functioning of the Neonate Neonatal Sleeping Patterns Neonatal Reflexes Neonatal Senses Section 3: Caring for the Neonate Nutrition: Is Breast Best? Evolutionary and Historical Perspectives on Breast Feeding Benefits of Breast Feeding Social and Emotional Aspects of Neonatal Care Crying and Soothing Bonding: Myth and Truth Postpartum Depression Summing Up Cultural Focus: Easing Birth Among the Cuna Indians Historical Focus: The Tragic History of Doctor-Assisted Births in the 19th Century Research Focus: How Much Does Breast Feeding Matter? Chapter 4: Infancy Section 1: Physical Development Growth and Change in Infancy Bodily Growth Brain Development Sleep Changes Infant Health Nutritional Needs Infant Mortality Baby on the Move: Motor and Sensory Development Motor Development Sensory Development Section 2: Cognitive Development Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage The Sensorimotor Substages Object Permanence Evaluating Piaget’s Sensorimotor Theory Information Processing in Infancy Attention Memory Assessing Infant Development Approaches to Assessing Development Can Media Enhance Cognitive Development? The Myth of “Baby Einstein” The Beginnings of Language First Sounds and Words Infant-Directed (ID) Speech Section 3: Emotional and Social Development Temperament Conceptualizing Temperament: Three Approaches Goodness-of-Fit Infants’ Emotions Primary Emotions Infants’ Emotional Perceptions The Social World of the Infant Cultural Themes of Infant Social Life The Foundation of Social Development: Two Theories Summing Up Cultural Focus: Infant Care in Rural Turkey Historical Focus: Protecting Infants the Puritan Way Research Focus: Measuring Temperament Chapter 5: Toddlerhood Section 1: physical development Growth and Change in Years 2 and 3 Bodily Growth Brain Development Sleep and (More) Teething Motor Development Socializing Physical Functions: Toilet Training and Weaning Toilet Training Weaning Section 2: cognitive development Cognitive Development Theories Cognitive Development in Toddlerhood: Piaget’s Theory Vygotsky’s Cultural Theory of Cognitive Development Language Development The Biological and Evolutionary Bases of Language Milestones of Toddler Language: From First Words to Fluency Learning Language in a Social and Cultural Context Section 3: emotional and social development Emotional Development in Toddlerhood Toddlers’ Emotions The Birth of the Self Gender Identity and the Biology of Gender Development One Special Person: Attachment Theory and Research Attachment Theory Quality of Attachment Critiques of Attachment Theory The Social World of the Toddler The Role of Fathers The Wider Social World: Siblings, Peers, and Friends Autistic Spectrum Disorders: A Disruption in Social Development Media Use in Toddlerhood Summing Up CULTURAL FOCUS: Toddlerhood in Aboriginal Australia Historical Focus: The History of Toilet Training RESEARCH FOCUS: Early Child Care and Its Consequences Chapter 6: Early Childhood Section 1: PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT Growth from Age 3 to 6 Bodily Growth Brain Development and “Infantile” Amnesia Health and Safety in Early Childhood Motor Development Gross and Fine Motor Skills Handedness Section 2: COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Theories of Cognitive Development Piaget’s Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development Understanding Thinking: The Development of “Theory of Mind” Cultural Learning in Early Childhood Early Childhood Education The Importance of Preschool Quality Cross-National Variations Preschool as a Cognitive Intervention Language Development Advances in Vocabulary and Grammar Pragmatics: Social and Cultural Rules of Language Section 3: EMOTIONAL AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Emotional Regulation and Gender Socialization Emotional Regulation Moral Development Gender Development Parenting Parenting “Styles” Parenting in Other Cultures Discipline and Punishment The Child’s Expanding Social World Siblings and “Only Children” Peers and Friends Media Use in Early Childhood Summing Up Cultural Focus: Shyness in China and Canada Historical Focus: Beat a Child, Save a Soul Research Focus: The Montessori Preschool Program Chapter 7: Middle Childhood Section 1: physical development Growth in Middle Childhood Physical Growth and Sensory Development Nutrition and Malnutrition Illness and Injuries Motor Development Gross Motor Development Fine Motor Development Section 2: cognitive development Theories of Cognitive Development Concrete Operations Information Processing Intelligence and Intelligence Tests Learning the Cognitive Skills of School: Reading and Mathematics Language Development Vocabulary, Grammar, and Pragmatics Bilingualism School in Middle Childhood Cultural Variations in School Experiences Learning the Cognitive Skills of School: Reading and Mathematics Section 3: emotional and social development Emotional and Self-Development Smooth Sailing: Advances in Emotional Self-Regulation Self-Understanding Gender Development The Social and Cultural Contexts of Middle Childhood Family Relations Friends and Peers Work Media Use Summing Up Cultural Focus: School Socialization in Guatemala Historical Focus: Work Among British Children in the 19th Century Research Focus: TV or Not TV Chapter 8: Adolescence Section 1: physical development The Metamorphosis: Biological Changes of Puberty The Physical Changes of Puberty The Timing of Puberty Cultural Responses: Puberty Rituals Health Issues in Adolescence Eating Disorders Substance Use Section 2: cognitive development Piaget’s Theory of Formal Operations Hypothetical-Deductive Reasoning Critiques of Piaget’s Theory of Formal Operations Other Changes in Adolescent Thinking Information Processing: Selective Attention and Metamemory Social Cognition: The Imaginary Audience and the Personal Fable Culture and Cognition Adolescent Education and Work Schools: Secondary Education around the World Adolescent Work Section 3: emotional and social development Emotional and Self-Development Emotionality in Adolescence: Storm and Stress? Self-Development in Adolescence Gender Intensification Cultural Beliefs: Morality and Religion Moral Development Religious Beliefs The Social and Cultural Contexts of Adolescence Family Relationships Peers and Friends Love and Sexuality Media Use Problems and Resilience Crime and Delinquency Depression Resilience in Adolescence Summing Up CULTURAL FOCUS: Apprenticeships in Europe Historical Focus: From Fasting Saints to Anorexic Girls RESEARCH FOCUS: The Daily Rhythms of Adolescents’ Family Lives Chapter 9: Emerging Adulthood Section 1: Physical Development The Emergence of Emerging Adulthood Five Features The Cultural Context of Emerging Adulthood Physical Changes of Emerging Adulthood The Peak of Physical Functioning Sleep Patterns and Deficits Risk Behavior and Health Issues Injuries and Fatalities: Automobile Accidents Substance Use and Abuse Section 2: Cognitive Development Postformal Thinking Pragmatism Reflective Judgment Tertiary Education: College, University, and Training Programs Cultural Variations in Tertiary Education The Benefits of Tertiary Education Section 3: Emotional and Social Development Emotional and Self-Development Self-esteem Identity Development Gender Development: Cultural Beliefs and Stereotypes Cultural Beliefs Religious Development Political Development The Social and Cultural Contexts of Emerging Adulthood Family Relationships Friendships Love and Sexuality Finding Adult Work Social Uses of Media Summing Up Cultural Focus: The Young Men of Truk Island Historical Focus: Gender and Cognitive Development in Emerging Adulthood RESEARCH FOCUS: Graduated Driver Licensing Epilogue Practice Tests Answer Key Glossary References Credits Name Index Subject Index Table of Contents
1. Brief Table of Contents
FULL TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Get Child Development: A Cultural Approach (casebound) by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett, Clark University Ashley Maynard, University of Hawaii at Manoa
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