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Part I Reading and Writing About Literature 1. What Is Literature? Literary Contexts: Authors Define Literature Historical Contexts: Forms of Literature Through Time STORIES Charles Perrault, “The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood” § Literary Contexts: Defining Plot Margaret Atwood, “There was Once” POEMS Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Ozymandias” Comparing Themes Adrienne Rich, “Diving into the Wreck” Lawrence Ferlinghetti, “Constantly Risking Absurdity” Reflecting on the Writing Process Pre-Writing Drafting Revising Assignment: Reading to Write 2 Reading and Writing: Contexts for Thinking Active Reading Writing About Your Reading Experience Thinking Critically About the Text STORY Kate Chopin, “The Story of an Hour” Critical Thinking Acts Interpretation Analysis Argument Comparison/Contrast § Literary Contexts: Making Meaning of Fiction PLAY Jane Martin, Beauty § Literary Contexts: Making Meaning of Drama Literary Contexts: Making Meaning of Poetry POEMS § Comparing Themes Sylvia Plath, “Metaphors” Billy Collins, “Introduction to Poetry” Assignments: Reading to Write Sample Student Paper: Ashley Walden, Breaking Boundaries in Chopin’s “The Story of an Hour” Part II Writing in Response to Literature 3 Love and Symbolism: Interpreting Themes POEMS Li Ho, “A Beautiful Girl Combs Her Hair” Sir Thomas Wyatt, “I find no peace, and all my war is done” Robert Herrick, “Upon Julia’s Clothes” Percy Bysshe Shelley, “The Indian Girl’s Song” The Act of Interpretation Accounting for Key Symbols and Other Elements Taking Contexts into Account William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 18” and “Sonnet 130” Edna St. Vincent Millay, “Love Is Not All” Wislawa Szymborska, “True Love” Sharon Olds, “Sex without Love” Beth Ann Fennelly, “Why I Can't Cook for Your Self-Centered Architect Cousin” STORIES Guy DeMaupaussant, “The Necklace” Bobbie Ann Mason, “Shiloh” Writing an Interpretation: Reading for Meaning in Literature Prewriting: Identifying a Topic Forming an Interpretation: Offering a Big Idea Bringing in Evidence: Close Reading for Textual Support Shaping a Thesis: Constructing a Statement Writing to Advance the Thesis: The Formal Essay The Introduction The Body The Conclusion Integrating and Citing Source Material Revising, Editing, and Proofreading Revising Editing Proofreading Sample Student Paper: James Lewis, “Immoderate Desire” in Guy DeMaupaussant’s “The Necklace” 4 A Study in Style: Analyzing Patterns What does it mean when you say that a person has style? POEMS WilliamWordsworth, “Nuns Fret Not” § Literary Contexts: Stanza Lengths and Sonnets Elizabeth Bishop, “One Art” § Literary Contexts: The Villanelle The Act of Analysis Supporting Theme through Analysis Finding Patterns through Analysis POEMS e.e. cummings, “1(a” § Literary Contexts: Open-Form Poetry Comparing Themes Emily Dickinson, “Some Keep the Sabbath” Gerard Manley Hopkins, “God’s Grandeur” § Critical Contexts: Formalist Criticism Robert Frost, “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" Geraldine Brooks, “We Real Cool” § Literary Contexts: Scanning Lines of Poetry PLAY Tennessee Williams, The Glass Menagerie § Literary Contexts: Realism STORIES Toni Cade Bambara, “The Lesson” § Literary Contexts: Dialogue Don DeLillo, “Videotape” § Literary Contexts: Reality Tim O’Brien, “The Things they Carried” § Literary Contexts: Imagery Writing an Analysis: The Elements of Style Moving from Free Writes to Ideas Finding a Focus Shaping a Thesis Finding Significance in Small Moments and Specific Details Writing to Advance the Thesis Making a Plan Developing and Supporting Your Thesis Revising to Polish Editing A Lesson in Style Style Checklist Exercises Proofreading Sample Student Paper: Ashley Walden, Analyzing Stage Direction, Dialogue, and Memory in Williams’ The Glass Menagerie 5 Voice and Narration: Arguing for an Interpretation STORIES John Updike, “A&P” § Critical Contexts: You Decide William Faulkner, “A Rose for Emily” § Critical Contexts: A Historical/Feminist Approach to Miss Emily The Act of Argument The Writer: Evaluating Your Interpretation The Text: Evaluating Your Analysis The Readers: Evaluating Your Audience POEMS Robert Browning, “My Last Duchess” § Historical Contexts: The Duke’s Two Wives Comparing Themes Christina Rossetti, “In an Artist’s Studio” Marge Piercy, “Barbie Doll” § Historical Contexts: Comparing the Themes Thomas Hardy, “Channel Firing” Randall Jarrell, “Death of a Ball Turret Gunner” § Historical and Literary Contexts: The Literature of War T. S. Eliot, “The Love Song of J. A. Prufrock” § Literary Contexts: Making Meaning of Prufrock Arguing an Interpretation Using Visual Techniques to Discover Ideas Clustering Jot Listing Shaping a Persuasive Thesis Exercises Writing to Advance the Thesis Support Your Interpretation through Analysis Support Your Argument by Addressing Counter-Arguments Revising with Your Audience in Mind Write the Introduction and Conclusion Strengthen Weaker Paragraphs Arrange Your Paragraphs Decide Where to Handle Other Interpretations Editing and Proofreading Your Argument Sample Student Paper: Erin Christian, Effects of the Social Environment on Emily Grierson in “A Rose for Emily” 6 Families and Their Characters: Comparing Works of Literature STORIES Flannery O’Connor, “Everything that Rises Must Converge” § Literary Contexts: Regionalism and the Grotesque Comparing Themes: Identity Alice Walker, “Everyday Use” Amy Tan, “Two Kinds” § Critical Contexts: Assimilation versus Acculturation The Act of Comparison Choosing Two Texts to Compare Charting Similarities and Differences Analyzing and Interpreting the Comparisons POEMS Comparing Themes: Growing Rita Dove, “Adolescence I” and “Adolescence III” Comparing Themes: Fathers Judith Cofer, “Common Ground” Robert Hayden, “Those Winter Sundays” Lucille Clifton, “forgiving my father” Sylvia Plath, “Daddy” Theodore Roethke, “My Papa’s Waltz” Writing a Comparison and Contrast Essay Discovering Similarities and Differences Focusing on What Is Revealed Shaping a Thesis A Thesis Focused on Similarities A Thesis Focused on Differences Writing to Advance the Thesis Revising for Coherence Editing and Proofreading Integrating Text from a Reading into Your Writing Summary Paraphrase Direct Quotation Student Sample: Stephanie Roberts, Structure and Style in Lucille Clifton’s “forgiving my father” and Plath’s “Daddy”: Renaming and Reclaiming 7 Oppression and Social Change: Using Critical Tools for Analytical Arguments STORIES Charlotte Perkins Gilman, “Yellow Wallpaper” Critical Contexts: Feminist Criticism Jamaica Kincaid, “Girl” Ursula LeGuin “The Ones who Walk Away from Omelas” The Act of Seeing Through a Critical Perspective POEMS Comparing Themes Anne Bradstreet, “The Author to Her Book” Langston Hughes, “Theme for English B” Wole Soyinka, “Telephone Conversation” Julio Marzan “Ethnic Poetry” PLAYS Susan Glaspell, Trifles Writing an Analytical Argument from a Critical Perspective Considering Different Critical Perspectives Rereading the Work in Light of the Perspective Shaping a Thesis: Establishing the Critical Context Writing to Advance the Thesis Integrating and Citing Source Material Revising, Editing, and Proofreading Sample Student Paper: Stephanie Roberts, Policing Domesticity: Cultural Surveillance in Susan Glaspell’s Trifles Part III Experiencing Contemporary Literature 8 Laughing Out Loud: Getting to Know Comic Literature From Someone Who Knows: Dave Barry on Being Funny Bryan Curtis, "On Dave Barry: Elegy for the Humorist" A Genre You Know: Stand-Up Comedy A Genre You Might Like to Know: Comic Essays David Sedaris, “The Drama Bug” Sarah Vowell, "Shooting Dad" Knowing Where We Came From: Comedy in the Theatre § Want to Know More? The Language of Comedy Writing About Your Experience with Literature 9 Viewing Words and Reading Pictures: Getting to Know Graphic Novels From Someone Who Knows: Scott McCloud on Understanding Comics Excerpt from Scott McCloud, Understanding Comics § Want to Know More? Graphic Novels versus Literature A Genre You Know: Comic Strips Charles Schulz, Snoopy Aaron McGruder, The Boondocks A Genre You Might Like to Know: The Superhero Graphic Novel Excerpt from Alan Moore and David Lloyd, V for Vendetta Another Kind of Graphic Novel: A Memoir Excerpt from Art Speigelman, Maus: A Survivor’s Tale Knowing Where We Come From: The Evolution of Comics Writing About Your Experience with Literature 10 Thrilled and Chilled: Getting to Know Horror in Literature From Someone Who Knows: Stephen King on Horror Stephen King, "Why We Crave Horror Stories" A Genre You Know: Stephen King stories A Horror Story You Might Like: A Real-Life Devil Joyce Carol Oates, “Where are you going, where have you been?” § Want to Know More? Source Material for Oates' Story Excerpt from Don Moser, “The Pied Piper of Tuscon” Bob Dylan, “It’s All Over Now, Baby Blue” Knowing Where We Come From: Edgar Allan Poe Writing About Your Experience with Literature 11 Listening to Music: Experiencing Stories in Rhythm From Someone Who Knows: Paul Simon on Songwriting Richard Harrington, "Music, Lyrics in Their Best Order" A Genre You Know: Songs The Zombies, “A Rose for Emily” Fiona Apple, “Sleep to Dream” The Magnetic Fields, “ I Don’t Want to Get Over You” Arctic Monkeys, “I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor” The Decemberists, “The Crane Wife 1 and 2” A Genre You Might Like to Know: Spoken-Word Poetry Cristin O’Keefe Aptowicz, “Lit” Vince Cavasin, “I have not gone marking (with apologies to Pablo Neruda)” Debora Marsh, “Unbreakable Glass--a poem for my daughter” Scott Woods, “I, Nightmare” Knowing Where We Come From: Oral Literature Writing About Your Experience with Literature Songs with Literary References: A Selective List 12 Exploring the Alternative: Getting to Know Experimental Literature From Someone Who Knows: Claes Oldenburg on Experimental Art An Experimental Artist You Know: Eve Ensler, dramatist Experimental Artists You Might Like to Know: Lydia Davis and Chris Bachelder Lydia Davis, “Boring Friends,” “A Mown Lawn,” “Interesting,” and “The Old Dictionary” Chris Bachelder, “Blue Knights Bounced from CVD Tourney,” “My Beard Reviewed,” and "Notes Toward the Lay Report on the Joy Debt" Knowing Where We Come From: The Experimental Poetry of Gertrude Stein § Want to Know More? A Suggested Reading List of Experimental Writers Writing About Your Experience with Literature Part IV Research for Writing 13 Developing a Topic and Stating a Thesis Choosing a Text Read. Re-read. Read again. Posing a Research Question Answering Your Question with a Tentative Thesis Conducting Preliminary Research Assignment: Drafting a Proposal Sample Student Writing: A Research Proposal by Erin Christian 14 Finding and Evaluating Sources Considering Research Sources Beginning Your Research and Developing Search Terms Interlibrary Loan Locating Background Information Locating Literary Criticism Locating Historical and Cultural Works Evaluating Sources Ask the Expert! Taking Good Notes The Reading/Research Dialectic A Tentative Timeline: 10 Steps to a Successful Research Project Assignment: Writing an Annotated Bibliography Sample Student Writing: An Annotated Bibliography by Erin Christian 15 Understanding Critical Perspectives Reading the Critics A Quick Look Back at Schools of Critical Thought A Critical Casebook on Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art” Reading 1: Excerpt from Joanne Fiet Diehl, Women Poets and the American Sublime Reading 2: Excerpt from Elizabeth Dodd, The Veiled Mirror and the Woman Poet Reading 3: Excerpt from Susan McCabe, Elizabeth Bishop: Her Poetics of Loss Reading 4: Excerpt from Anne Colwell, “Geography III: The Art of Losing” A Critical Casebook on Toni Cade Bambara’s “The Lesson” Reading 1: Jerome Cartwright, “Bambara’s 'The Lesson'” Reading 2: Excerpt from Janet Carey Eldred, “Narratives of Socialization: Literacy in the Short Story" Reading 3: Excerpt from Janet Ruth Heller, “Toni Cade Bambara’s Use of African American Vernacular English in ‘The Lesson’” A Critical Casebook on Tennessee Williams’s The Glass Menagerie Reading 1: Tennessee Williams, “How to Stage The Glass Menagerie” Reading 2: Excerpt from Lewis Nichols, Review Reading 3: Excerpt from Nancy M. Tischler, Student Companion to Tennessee Williams Reading 4: Excerpt from C.W.E. Bigsby, “Entering The Glass Menagerie” Reading 5: Excerpt from Judith J. Thompson, Tennessee Williams’ Plays 16 Integrating Primary and Secondary Sources Some Organizing Principles Drafting Body Paragraphs Verb Tenses in Writing about Literature Integrating Sources Summary Paraphrase Direct Quotation Quotations that become part of your sentence Quoting larger amounts of text (block quotations) Common Knowledge Avoiding Plagiarism Sample Student Writing: Erin Christian, On Loss in Elizabeth Bishop's "One Art" 17 Using the MLA Style of Documentation Preparing to Cite Sources Using the Modern Language Association (MLA) Style Citations in the Paper Works Cited at the End of the Paper Books and Material from Books Articles from Print Periodicals Electronic and Online Sources Other Media Glossary of Literary Terms Student Biographies Credits Index Table of Contents
Get Literature: Reading to Write by Elizabeth Howells, Armstrong Atlantic State University
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