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Brief Contents Part I Introduction to Student-Involved Assessment FOR Learning Chapter 1 Classroom Assessment for Student Success Chapter 2 Understanding Why We Assess Chapter 3 Defining Achievement Standards for Assessment Chapter 4 Designing Quality Assessments Part II Understanding Assessment Methods Chapter 5 Selected Response Assessment Chapter 6 Essay Assessment Chapter 7 Performance Assessment Chapter 8 Personal Communication as Assessment Chapter 9 Assessing Dispositions Part III Communicating Assessment Results Chapter 10 Managing and Communicating Achievement Information Chapter 11 Report Cards: Assessments OF Learning Chapter 12 Portfolios and Conferences Involve Students in Communication Chapter 13 Communicating with Standardized Test Scores Appendix A Derivation of Common Norm-Referenced Scores Appendix B Rubrics for Evaluating Assessment Quality References Index Detailed Contents Part I Introduction to Student-Involved Assessment FOR Learning Become a Reflective Learner Keep a Journal to Watch Yourself Grow Form a Learning Team or Study Group Companion Website Chapter 1 Classroom Assessment for Student Success Chapter Focus Our Classroom Assessment Responsibilities A Story of Assessment for Student Success Success from the Student’s Point of View The Keys to Success Some Students Aren’t So Lucky Other Potential Problems Anticipating and Avoiding Assessment Problems Understanding Assessment Validity Understanding Assessment Reliability The Changing Role of Assessment Your Assignment in Standards-Driven Schools Important Benefits to You A Fundamental Assessment Belief Assessment and Student Motivation Guides to Valid and Reliable Assessment Guiding Principle 1: Classroom Assessments Can Both Promote and Verify Student Learning Guiding Principle 2: Clear and Appropriate Achievement Targets Are Essential Guiding Principle 3: Accurate Classroom Assessment Is Essential Guiding Principle 4: Sound Assessments Communicate Results Effectively The Power of Student Involvement Summary: The Importance of Sound Assessment Practice with Chapter 1 Ideas Chapter 2 Understanding Why We Assess Chapter Focus The Big Assessment Picture Classroom Users and Uses Program-Level Users Institutional- or Policy-Level Users Generalizations Across Users and Uses Therefore, the Keys to Assessment FOR Learning Summary: Assessment for Many Purposes Practice with Chapter 2 Ideas Chapter 3 Defining Achievement Standards for Assessment Chapter Focus Validity from a Different Perspective Defining Achievement Targets The Benefits of Clear and Appropriate Targets Control Over Your Professional Success Student Academic Self-Efficacy Greater Efficiency Accurate Classroom Assessments Sources of Information About Achievement Standards State and Local Standards Your Local Written Curriculum Professional Networking Types of Achievement Targets Knowing and Understanding Targets Reasoning Targets Performance Skill Targets Product Development Targets Dispositional Targets Summary of Targets The Critical Standards—Classroom Targets Connection Deconstructing Standards Student-Friendly Targets Summary: Clear Targets Are Essential for Sound Assessment Practice with Chapter 3 Ideas Chapter 4 Designing Quality Assessments Chapter Focus The Assessment Options Selected Response Assessment Essay Assessment Performance Assessment Personal Communication as Assessment Keep the Options in Balance Design Feature 1: Matching Methods with Targets Important Things to Remember Assessing Knowledge and Understanding Assessing Reasoning Proficiency Assessing Mastery of Performance Skills Assessing Proficiency at Creating Products Assessing Dispositions The Other Key Features of Quality Assessments Design Feature 2: Build the Assessment of Quality Ingredients Design Feature 3: Sample Achievement Appropriately Design Feature 4: Minimize Bias Assessment FOR Learning Summary: A Vision of Excellence in Classroom Assessment Practice with Chapter 4 Ideas Part II Understanding Assessment Methods Chapter 5 Selected Response Assessment Chapter Focus The Most Traditional Assessment Methods The Foundations of Assessment Quality Matching Methods to Targets Assessing Knowledge Mastery Assessing Reasoning Assessing Performance Skills Assessing Products Summary of Target Matches The Steps in Assessment Development Step 1: Preparing a Blueprint Step 2: Selecting the Specific Material to Assess Additional Thoughts on Steps 1 and 2 Step 3: Building Test Items from Propositions Fine Tuning Assessment Applications Mix Formats Use Interpretive Exercises Format the Test Carefully Work Backwards to Verify Test Quality Some Final Issues and Reminders Barriers to Sound Selected Response Assessment Student Involvement in Selected Response Assessment Summary: Productive Selected Response Assessment Practice with Chapter 5 Ideas Chapter 6 Essay Assessment Chapter Focus Assessment Based on Subjective Judgment Essay Assessment at Work in the Classroom The Foundations of Assessment Quality When to Use Essay Assessment Understanding Reliability: The Role of Judgment in Scoring Matching Method to Targets Assessing Knowledge and Understanding Assessing Reasoning Assessing Performance Skills Assessing Product Development Capabilities Summary of Target Matches Developing Essay Assessments Practice Exercise Assessment Planning Exercise Development Developing Essay Scoring Procedures Barriers to Sound Essay Assessment Student Involvement in Essay Assessment Summary: Tapping the Potential of Essay Assessment Practice with Chapter 6 Ideas Chapter 7 Performance Assessment Chapter Focus Assessment Based on Observation and Professional Judgment The Promise and Perils of Performance Assessment The Foundations of Quality When to Use Performance Assessment Performance Assessment Is a Matter of Judgment Understanding Reliability: Inter-Rater Agreement Matching Method to Targets Assessing Knowledge Assessing Reasoning Assessing Performance Skills Assessing Products Summary of Target—Performance Assessment Matches Developing Performance Assessments Never Lose Track of Your Purpose Defining Performance Devising Performance Tasks Fine Tuning Your Use of Performance Assessments Checking for Bias or Errors in Judgment Barriers to Sound Performance Assessment Think Assessment FOR Learning: Involve Students in Performance Assessment Summary: Thoughtful Development Yields Sound Assessments and Energized Students Practice with Chapter 7 Ideas Chapter 8 Personal Communication as Assessment Chapter Focus Classroom Interaction as Evidence of Learning The Unique Power of Personal Communication The Foundations of Quality Assessment When to Use Personal Communication Understanding Validity and Reliability Issues Matching Method to Targets Assessing Knowledge and Understanding Assessing Reasoning Assessing Performance Skills and Products Summary of Target Matches The Many Forms of Personal Communication as Assessment Instructional Questions and Answers Conferences and Interviews Class Discussions Oral Examinations Journals and Logs: Naturals as Assessments FOR Learning Student-Involved Assessment FOR Learning Summary: Person-to-Person Assessment Practice with Chapter 8 Ideas Chapter 9 Assessing Dispositions Chapter Focus School Is Not Just About Academic Achievement Assessment FOR Learning Involves Student Dispositions Dispositions as Means to an End Remain Mindful of Standards of Assessment Quality But There Is One Critical Difference Two Very Important Ground Rules Ground Rule 1: Remember, This Is Personal Ground Rule 2: Stay in Bounds Defining Affect as It Relates to Dispositions School-Related Attitudes School-Related Values Academic Self-Efficacy Interests Academic Aspirations Assessment Anxiety Dispositions, Student Confidence, and Assessment FOR Learning Variations in Dispositions Exploring the Assessment Options Matching Method to Targets Questionnaires Performance Observations as Assessments of Dispositions Personal Communication as a Window to Student Feelings Summary: Dispositions Can Help Us Boost Achievement Practice with Chapter 9 Ideas Part III Communicating Assessment Results Chapter 10 Managing and Communicating Achievement Information Chapter Focus The Information Management Challenges The Conditions Underpinning Effective Information Management The Information Management Options When Planning for Information Management, Context Is Everything Information Management in Assessment FOR Learning Contexts Informing Students About Themselves Diagnosing Student Needs Information Management in Assessment OF Learning Contexts Assigning Report Card Grades Other Assessment OF Learning Contexts The Challenges to Effective Information Sharing The Risk of Accountability The Challenge of Too Little Time What if the Receiver Can’t or Won’t Hear the Message? Removing the Barriers The Communication Options Report Cards Portfolios of Student Work Conferences About Student Achievement Test Scores Summary of Options The Conditions Underpinning Effective Information Sharing Agreeing on the Focus of the Communication Gathering Accurate Evidence Using Symbols with Shared Meaning Managing the Communication Environment Customs to Rethink Think Communication FOR Learning Summary: Communication Is Key to Achievement Practice with Chapter 10 Ideas Chapter 11 Report Cards: Assessments OF Learning Chapter Focus Report Card Grading Understanding Our Current Grading Environment Communicate About What? Achievement as a Grading Factor Aptitude as a Grading Factor Effort as a Grading Factor Compliance as a Grading Factor Attitude as a Grading Factor Summary of Grading Factors Gathering Achievement Information for Grading Purposes Step 1: Spelling Out the Big Achievement Picture Step 2: Turning Your Big Picture into an Assessment Plan Step 3: From a Plan to Actual Assessments Step 4: Summarizing the Resulting Information Step 5: Converting Composite Achievement Scores to a Grade Report Cards That Deliver Greater Detail Standards-Based Reporting Narrative Reporting Continuous-Progress Reporting Summary: Communicating with Report Cards Practice with Chapter 11 Ideas Chapter 12 Portfolios and Conferences Involve Students in Communication Chapter Focus Student-Involved Communication Part 1: Portfolios Portfolios Provide the Details Benefits for Teachers and Students Maintaining Perspective Keys to Successful Use Portfolios as Assessment FOR Learning Tools Dealing with Some Practicalities Student-Involved Communication Part 2: Conferences A Productive Experience for All Necessary Conditions Conference Formats That Enhance Communication and Learning Student-Teacher Conferences Parent-Teacher Conferences Student-Led Parent Conferences Communication FOR Learning Summary: Student-Involved Communication Practice with Chapter 12 Ideas Chapter 13 Communicating with Standardized Test Scores Chapter Focus Tests That Produce Comparable Results The Meaning of Scores The Various Layers of Standardized Testing The Result: Troubling Contradictions Addressing the Contradictions: A Guiding Philosophy Standardized Test Development Step 1: Clarify Targets Step 2: Translate Targets into Assessments Step 3: Develop Test Items Step 4: Assemble Test and Evaluate for Appropriateness Step 5: Administer Test to Establish Norms (Norm-Referenced Tests) Setting Standards of Acceptable Performance (Criterion-Referenced Tests) Interpretation of Commonly Used Test Scores Scores Reported on State Assessments Scores Reported on Commercial Norm-Referenced Tests Real-World Test Score Interpretation Implications for Teachers Above All, Protect the Well-Being of Your Students! Also, Build Community Awareness Finally, Maintain Perspective Summary: Meeting the Challenges of Standardized Testing The End of Our Studies Together Practice with Chapter 13 Ideas Appendix A Derivation of Common Norm-Referenced Scores Appendix B Rubrics for Evaluating Assessment Quality References Index Table of Contents
Get Introduction to Student-Involved Assessment FOR Learning, An, 6th Edition by Rick J. Stiggins, Pearson Assessment Training Institute Jan Chappuis, Pearson Assessment Training Institute
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