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Preface. 1. THE ELEMENTARY SOCIAL STUDIES CURRICULUM. Images of the Social Studies Small Group Work: What Works Best? Small Group Work: How Important Is Social Studies to You? What Are the Goals of Social Studies? What Is Social Studies? More Emphasis on History. On Your Own: Should It Be Social Studies or History, Civics, Geography? Your Choice. On Your Own: Compare the Approaches. What Should be Taught? State Standards and “No Child Left Behind.” National Standards. State Standards. Changing States’ Role and NCLB. On Your Own: What Is Your Reaction to State Social Studies Standards? Should Values and Character Education be Taught? Role Model. Values. Character Education. Your Decision on Values. On Your Own: What Are the Sources of Your Values? What Are the National Curriculum Patterns? On Your Own: Your State Curriculum. Why Are Textbooks Important? On Your Own: Compare the Texts: Identify Differences. Scope and Sequence. Small Group Work: Check Were You Stand. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 2. PLANNING for SOCIAL STUDIES INSTRUCTION. Planning. Small Group Work: Your Concept of Planning. Busy Teachers. Value of Written Lesson Plans. The Reflective Teacher. Getting Started: Locating Resources. On Your Own: Issues that Affect Social Studies Planning. Goals, Long-Range Planning, and Standards/Instructional Objectives. Long-Range Planning. The Textbook. Content, Standards, and Instructional Objectives. On Your Own: Facilitate Child-Focus Planning. Instructional Cycle. Treasury of Resources for Planning. Student, Parent and Family Resources. Community Resources. Media Resources. Current Events/Current Affairs. Units. Textbook Units. Commercial Units. Teacher-Made Units. Other Teacher-Made Units. Integrated Curriculum/Interdisciplinary Thematic Units. Designing Integrated Units. Small Group Work: Identify Academic Disciplines and Skills in Grasslands. Two Units on Hawaii. Critiquing the Two Units. Travel Day. Elements in a Unit. On Your Own: What Are the Strengths of These Activities? Lesson Plans. Planning for the Inclusive Classroom/Adaptations. Tips for Writing Lesson Plans. Small Group Work: Locating Interesting Lesson Plans. Organizing and Scheduling. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 3. INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES. Different Methods. Learning Styles. Example of Using a Wide Variety of Methods. What Happens in Real Classrooms? Teacher’s Decisions. On Your Own: Finding Your Style. Direct Teaching: From Passive to Active Learning. Correcting the Faults of “Talking All the Time.” Teaching a Concept: Organizations. Evaluating Direct Teaching. Small Group Work: When to Use Direct Teaching. Problem-Based Learning and Thinking. Formal Steps in Thinking or Inquiry. Defining the Problem. Generating Ideas. Small Group Work: Take the Student Role. Gathering Data. Evaluating Data. Practice Information Activities. Accepting or Rejecting a Hypothesis. On Your Own: Just the Facts. Inductive Thinking and Questioning. Inductive Thinking. Questioning. Cooperative or Collaborative Learning. Importance of Small Discussion Skills. Definitions of Cooperative Learning. Decisions for Cooperative Learning. Size of the Group. Roles. Room Arrangement. Jigsaw. Other Problem Areas. Small Group Work: Trying Out Small Group Activities. Role Playing. Small Group Work: Try a Role Play. Simulations. On Your Own: Research by Doing. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 4. USING MULTIPLE ASSESSMENTS TO EVALUATE STUDENTS’ LEARNING IN THE SOCIAL STUDIES. Perceptions of Testing. Definitions. The Student. The Parent or Guardian. The Teacher. Administrators. The Community and the State. Measurement and Evaluation Experts. Small Group Work: Accountability. Federal And State Roles in Testing. Federal Role. National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). State Testing. Types of State Tests. Teachers Need to Research Their State Tests. Small Group Work: What Are the Effects of State Testing? Performance-Based Assessment. Portfolios. Small Group Work: What Are Your Experiences with Portfolios? Essays. Examples of Essay Questions. Scoring. Outside Assessors. Written Assessment Tasks. Short-Constructed Response Questions. Small Group Work: Your Reaction to “My Famous Place in History.” Summary. Paper and Pencil Tests. Short Answer. Matching. True-False or Binary-Choice Items. Selected Response or Multiple Choice Questions. Diagnosis and Corrective Reteaching. Informal Evaluations. Students Answering Questions. Keep Anecdotal Note Cards on Student Behavior? “Catching” Observation Data. Glancing at Student Work on the Fly: Assessing the Attainment of a Concept. Self-Evaluation. Conferences, Grades and Report Cards. Conferences. Grades and Report Cards. Small Group Work: Tell the “Truth” Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 5. AIDING OUR STUDENTS TO INTERPRET HISTORY. Central Place of History in the Social Studies Curriculum. On Your Own: What Do You Think? What about History in the Primary Grades. The Holiday Curriculum. Primary History Standards. Small Group Work: Your Reaction? Small Group Work: Controversial Issues for the First Grade? History Wars. National History Standards. Small Group Work: Dull Elementary History Texts? NAEP History Results. History Definitions and Issues. Definitions. Students’ Prior Knowledge. Coverage versus depth. Drama. Learning about Time and Chronology. Timelines. Linking History and Trade Books. Using Trade Books and Magazines. Books Used for a History Theme. Using Biographies. During History or Being an Historian. Oral History. Analysis of Data. On Your Own: Worth the Work? Studying Local History. Historical Objects. Primary and Secondary Sources. Artifacts. Using Sources in the Upper Grades. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 6. TEACHING GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMICS. Are Students and Adults Geographic Literate? Importance of Geography. Geography Standards. State Standards. Local Geography in K-8 Curriculum. Using Multiple Standards. NAEP 2001 Geography Results. National Geographic-Roper 2002 Global Geographic Literacy Survey. On Your Own: Teaching Your Own: Teaching Your Geography State Standards. Beyond State Capitals: Making Geography Engaging. Start with the Students. Trade Books. Controversial Issues. Teaching Map and Globe Skills. Ability Levels. Field Trips. The Local and Beyond the Local. Specific Map Skills. Understanding A Wide Variety of Maps. Mapmaking. Summary on Map Skills. Economic Standards. Importance of Economics. National Economic Standards. State Standards. Rationale for Teaching Economics. Different Interpretations. Children and Economics. Small Group Work: Should We Be Teaching about Mortgages? Strategies for Teaching Economics. Teaching about Costs and Benefits at the Primary Level. Teaching about Production and Exchange. Small Group Work: How Did You Learn about Economic Concepts? General Methods for Economics in the Fourth to Eighth Grades. History as the Background for Economics. Skits, Dramatic Reenactments and Simulations. Small Group Work: Economic Reasoning. World of Work. Consumer Education. Small Group Work: The Role of the World of Work and Consumer Education. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 7. TEACHING CIVIC EDUCATION. Civic Education. Improvement? Teaching Patriotism. Small Group Work: Your Choice. Classroom Civic Education. Rules. A Caring Classroom. Small Group Work: Class Cooperative Planning. Conflict Resolution. Small Group Work: Bullying. Instruction in Civic Education. Standards for Civic Education. Formal Instruction. Current Events/Current Affairs Programs. On Your Own: When Is It Appropriate to Share Images? When Better to Shield Children? Teaching Controversial Events. Small Group Work: Viewpints on Controversial Issues. Values in the Classroom for Civic Education. Civic Education in Schools. Linking Schoolwide Citizenship to the Community. Service Learning or Community Participation. Implementing Service Learning. Small Group Work: Links to the Community. Global Citizenship. Three Themes of a Universal Curriculum. Human Rights: Refugees and Gender Issues. Environmental/Ecological Problems. Small Group Work: Interest Level. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 8. HELPING ALL OUR DIVERSE STUDENTS. Diversity. Definitions. Small Group Work: Know Yourself. Know Your Class. On Your Own: Personal Life? Learning about Yourself. Gender. Academic Differences. Females. On Your Own: Still Sexism? Males. Small Group Work: Do Boys Need More Attention? Name-Calling. Small Group Work: What Should be Done? Multicultural Education. Multicultural Teaching. Other Strategies for Teaching Multicultural Education. Small Group Work: Your Role in Multicultural Education. Teaching Religion. Teacher’s Role. Exceptionalities. The Gifted. Other Forms of Exceptionalities. Suggestions for Teaching. Differentiated Instruction. Small Group Work: Differentiated Classroom? Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 9. LINKING SOCIAL STUDIES AND LITERACY. Linking Social Studies and Literacy. Typical Social studies Instructional Activities. On Your Own: Worksheets? Meeting the Needs of English Language Learners. Growing Numbers. Essential Skills. First Step: Making Ells (and everyone else) Welcome. Getting Materials. Sheltered English or SDAIE Strategies. Machine-Language Software and Media. Assessments. Small Group Work: Actual Practice. Reading. Pre-reading or Engagement. The Text Structure or Approach. Post-Reading Activities. Small Group Work: Motivation. Listening and Writing. Listening. Writing. Written Assessment Tasks. Hints on Informal Writing Assignments. Reports. Small Group Work: Reports. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. 10. USING TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE SOCIAL STUDIES. Technologies in the School. Teacher Usage of Technology. Difficulties in Implementing Technologies. Small Group Work: Teacher Computer Skills. Student Use of Computers. Digital Divide. Computer Literacy for Students. On Your Own: Technology Standards. Use of e-mail. E-pals. Online Projects and Mentoring. Searching the Net and WebQuests. Searching the Net with the Help of the Teacher. Student Searching. WebQuests. Evaluating Web Sites and Software. Evaluating Web Sites. Evaluating Software. CD-ROMS, Virtual Field Trips, and Wireless Technology. Types of CD-ROMs. Multimedia Projects. Virtual Field Trips. Wireless Technology. Small Group Work: Your Favorites. Summary. Suggested Readings and Web Sites. Table of Contents
Get Elementary Social Studies: A Practical Guide, 6th Edition by June R. Chapin, Notre Dame de Namur University
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